Waste sorting facility with productivity up to 400 thousand tons of MSW per year (variant)

Waste sorting line contains four sorting line with posts of manual sorting, with following operations have been provided:

• selection of bulky waste at the waste receiving site;

• automatic leveling of waste flow;

• manual selection of cardboard and polyethylene, bags and its opening at presorting line;

• automatic fine (ballast) fractions separation and their transportation by conveyor into container at fine fraction separator;

• manual selection of useful fractions at the sorting conveyor;

• transportation of selected useful fractions to the pit of loading conveyor in a horizontal automatic press;

• automatic selection of ferrous metals at the end of sorting conveyor at magnetic separator;

• loading of “tailings” of sorting into containers by reversible conveyor.

Waste is being transported by garbage trucks and unloaded on unloading area. Waste loading on loading chain conveyor (1) is performed by front-end loader. Front-end loader moves waste into the pit of loading conveyor. During waste loading, sorters, which stay at the opposite sides from loading conveyor, (1-2 sorters) are select bulky waste. Claw handler moves selected bulky waste to the shredding site.

Waste flow leveler (1) provides uniform (with an adjusted height) placement of waste flow on loading conveyor, what improves quality of selection of large items, screening of fine fraction on rotary separator, increases efficiency of manual selection on waste sorting line.

Presorting line (2) is designed for selection of large cardboard and polyethylene. It is necessary to increase the efficiency of screening on fine fraction separator (4). Bags are being selected on presorting line for bag opening on the bag opener (3).

Bag opener is designed for opening bags with municipal solid waste. Operation of this device consists in opening bags and shaking them, which significantly reduced manual labor. Bag opener is installed at the end of presorting line under cabin. Bags with waste are being selected by sorters and dumped in bag opener. Waste from opened bags is coming on second loading conveyor and with general waste flow is leaded on fine fraction separator.

Sorting conveyor (5) is designed for horizontal transportation of waste and to provide work of waste sorting operators (sorters). Sorting conveyor is placed on platform, which have stairs, enclosure, hatches for dumping selected recyclables.

Posts with hatches are placed along sorting conveyor, at both sides. Sorters select same useful fraction (one post of manual sorting).

Fine fraction separator (4) is designed for automatic separation of fraction less than 70 mm. This device is row of rotating shafts with gaps between each other. Each shaft has triangle shaped protruding elements. Shafts rotate in same direction through the transmission of torque chain transmissions, placed outside workspace (outside boards). Getting on turning shafts of the separator, material moves forward. Includes, which are less than 70x70 millimeters, falling between shafts on removing conveyor under separator, which leads to fine fraction reception site (7). Screening of fine fraction is 20-35% of incoming waste weight. Purified from fine fraction waste from fine fraction separator is getting to sorting belt conveyor (5).

Waste sorting line, similarly to presorting, is designed to provide work of waste sorting operators. Useful fractions of recyclables (paper, cardboard, HDPE, LDPE, PET, etc.) are being selected at main sorting line.

Sorting cabin is mounted on sorting platform for comfortable sorters work. It is metallic frame, paneled with sandwich-panels 50 millimeters wide (standard type) or polycarbonate sheets (economical type). Cabin includes plastic doors, plastic windows (for standard type) in front of work places, lights along sorting conveyor, ventilation, electrical heating for working in cold seasons.

Waste remaining after useful fractions selecting (“tailings” of sorting) is being transported to “tailings” of sorting reception site (8).

Fine fraction reception site and tailings” of sorting reception site contain reversible conveyors. Reversible conveyor is designed for alternative loading of waste into containers. After filling one of containers, direction of moving is switched to side of empty container.

Magnetic separator is placed above conveyor. This separator is a belt conveyor with magnetic plate. Ferromagnetic inclusions are being attracted by the magnetic plate and get on belt. Belt has welded rubber profiles, moving attracted ferrous metals. As the belt of magnetic separator moves, ferromagnetic inclusions leave the zone of magnetic plate, and ferrous metals gets into container by the gravity. This container is placed outside the conveyor.

Loading of selected recyclables into horizontal automatic press (6) is being performed by front-end loader. It moves homogeneous recyclable material from area between supports of sorting platform into pit of loading conveyor, which loads useful fractions into press hopper.

PET-containers are more closed and have inside air and/or some liquid. While pressing, this air and liquid create internal pressure on pressed bale, what could lead to its destruction and injure workers.

PET perforator is placed in sorting platform cell, under dumping window. After filling of PET perforator hopper, it turning on and perforated PET-containers falls in accumulation cell.

The automated process control system is designed to centrally control the main and additional equipment, ensure smooth start and stop, adjust the speed of the conveyors and the fine fraction separator, protect against voltage surges, protect against overload and reverse.